Technology
Photovoltaic (PV) refers to the technology and process of converting light (photons) directly into electricity (voltage) using semiconductor materials. The term is commonly used to describe solar power generation systems, where PV cells (typically made of silicon) are interconnected in solar panels that generate direct current (DC) electricity when exposed to sunlight (the photovoltaic effect). PV systems can range from small rooftop installations to large utility-scale solar farms. Photovoltaic technology is a cornerstone of modern solar energy, providing a clean and renewable method to produce electricity without moving parts or emissions.